Understanding how a tumor evolves against the attack of the immune system is one of the greatest challenges in modern medicine. Current mathematical models are usually deterministic; that is, they ...

In financial compliance, even small mismatches in data can have outsized consequences. Whether it's reviewing sanctions alerts, verifying customer names, or screening payments, organisations rely on ...

Monotonic fuzzy inference systems (MFIS) constitute a specialised branch of fuzzy logic models in which the output is constrained to be non-decreasing (or non-increasing) with respect to one or more ...

Fuzzy automata extend classical automata by allowing transitions and state membership to be graded according to values in a continuous range, typically between zero and one. This graded semantics ...