The knot theory originates in Lord Kevin's model proposed in 1867 that atoms are made of vortex rings or knots. Although the hypothesis was proved incorrect, the knot theory has since then ...
The equiphase lines in a scalar hopfion present the Hopf fibration's topological features. Credit must be given to the creator.
Topological solitons are knots in continuous physical fields classified by non-zero Hopf index values. When mapped to 3D physical fields, 3D topological solitons, called hopfions, are true pearls of ...
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