Australia now has the world’s largest coastal drone-surveillance operation and is installing nonlethal traps, or drumlines, that alert authorities when a shark takes their bait. These are enabling authorities to monitor sharks like never before - and have turned Australia into a laboratory for ways to prevent shark attacks.

Newly released footage has captured the terrifying moment a surfer was dragged underwater during a shark attack at Manly Beach, as witnesses frantically fought to keep the injured man alive. The man, aged 27, was bitten just after 6pm and pulled unconscious from the water by fellow surfers.

WARNING: DISTRESSING CONTENT Heather Boswell was 19 and working as a researcher when she became the victim of a horrific great white shark attack off Chile - and it was all captured on camera

Authorities warned that recent rainfall has left the water off area beaches murky, which increased the risk of bull shark attacks.