Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Ian writes on fossil energies, climate, and transition to renewables. To many, it’s still a surprise just how big a modern frac ...

Over the course of millions of years, heat and pressure can transform the organic remains of animals and plants into crude oil. That's why they're called a fossil fuels — the long-dead creatures that ...

Trimulfracs are an extension of simultaneous fracturing treatments (simulfracs) to maximize capital efficiency. Trimulfracs keep pace with four to five drilling rigs and create greater consistency in ...

Well stimulation in tight oil is the completion-stage activity that creates high-conductivity flow paths in nano–microdarcy rocks to enable commercial production. It primarily comprises multi-stage ...

Hydraulic fracturing is a completion technique that pumps high-pressure fluid and proppant into a low-permeability reservoir to create and prop open fractures, increasing flow paths so oil can move to ...