The Temple of Artemis here was one of the Seven Wonders. In 356 BC, a man burned it down just to become infamous—and succeeded. Ephesus was a city of staggering scale and innovation. It contained the massive Library of Celsus, a 25,000-seat amphitheater, advanced underground heating, and public toilets with running water. It was also a key early center of Christianity. Yet, it was abandoned after earthquakes and its port silted up. Today, only 15% of the city is excavated, meaning most of its se